2014-2018年贵州省公立医院卫生资源配置公平性研究

Analysis on the fairness of health resource allocation in public hospitals in Guizhou Province from 2014 to 2018

[目的]分析贵州省2014-2018年改革试点公立医院卫生资源配置的公平性现状及变化趋势,为优化卫生资源配置提供科学依据和建议。[方法]采用基尼系数按人口分布和地理分布分析卫生资源配置现状,结合泰尔指数对区域内和区域间差异进行分析。[结果]2014-2018年贵州省公立医院各类卫生资源的基尼系数呈下降趋势,按人口分布的基尼系数是0.20~0.25,按地理分布的基尼系数是0.08~0.30;泰尔指数也呈逐年下降趋势,区域间差异为卫生资源配置差异的主要影响因素。[结论]贵州省公立医院卫生资源配置公平性呈逐年好转趋势,各地区分布存在差异。政府应增加卫生资源的投入,加强对区域间的合理布局,并积极促进远程医疗服务实施。

Objective This paper analyzes present situation and changing trend of fairness allocation of health resources in reform pilot public hospitals in Guizhou Province from 2014 to 2018 so as to provide scientific basis and suggestions for optimizing allocation of health resources.Methods The Gini coefficient was used to analyze present situation of health resources allocation according to population and geographical distribution,combined with Theil index to analyze intra-regional and inter-regional differences.Results From 2014 to 2018,the Gini coefficient of all kinds of health resources in public hospitals in Guizhou Province showed downward trend,the Gini coefficient according to population distribution was 0.20~0.25,and the Gini coefficient according to geography was 0.08~0.30.Theil index showed down trend year by year as well.The inter-regional difference was main influencing factor of health resource allocation difference.Conclusions The fairness of health resources allocation in public hospitals in Guizhou Province has been improved year by year,and the distribution in different regions is different.It is recommended that government should increase the input of health resources,strengthen rational distribution inter regions,promote the implementation of telemedicine services.