贫困生社会支持和个人成长主动性特征分析——基于心理健康双因素模型

Analysis of the Characteristics of Social Support for Poor Students and Their Personal Growth Initiative--Based on the Dual-factor Model of Mental Health

为探讨基于心理健康双因素模型(DFM)的四类心理健康状态贫困生社会支持和个人成长主动性的差异和特点,对精准扶贫班82名学生进行问卷调查。结果表明:①四类心理健康状态贫困生比例分别为康健者占40.24%,易感者占35.37%,有症状但自我满足者占6.10%,疾患者占18.29%;②四类心理健康状态贫困生在社会支持、主观社会支持和社会支持利用度上差异显著,而在客观社会支持维度上差异不显著;③四类心理健康状态贫困生在个人成长主动性及其5个维度上均存在显著差异。应在DFM四分法下采取靶向分类预防和干预措施,提高另三类贫困生向康健者的转化率,提升贫困生群体的整体心理健康水平,助力心理精准脱贫。

In order to explore the differences and characteristics of the social support and the personal growth initiative in poor students who were divided into four different mental health status based on the dual-factor model of mental health(DFM),a questionnaire survey was conducted among 82 students in the targeted poverty alleviation class.The results showed that the proportions of poor students in the four types of mental health status are:healthy people accounted for 40.24%,susceptible people 35.37%,symptomatic but self-satisfied people 6.10%,and disease patients 18.29%.There were significant differences in social support,subjective social support,and utilization of social support among impoverished students in the four mental statuses,but no significant differences in the dimensions of objective social support.Impoverished students in the four categories of mental health status had significant differences in personal growth initiative and its five dimensions.Targeted and classified prevention and intervention measures should be taken under the DFM quartile to increase the conversion rate of the other three types of poor students to the healthy type,improve the overall mental health of the poor students,and help them get out of mental poverty precisely.