监察对象的识别研究

Research on the Identification of Supervision Object

正确界定监察对象范围是我国监察制度健全运行的基础。《监察法》第一条、第三条和第十五条明确规定了监察对象的范围。但适用过程中仍然存在与"公权力""公职人员"等语义歧义、识别标准模糊、特殊主体难以认定等规范不一致或理解适用上存在分歧等问题。鉴于此,有必要在厘清"公权力""公职人员"等相关概念和识别要素的基础上,研究监察对象识别标准。构建"公权力"标准、"复合型公职"标准、"行为"标准,并针对不同的监察对象类型,明确具体识别方法,分别适用于六类监察对象,并对特殊群体如国企职工、公立学校教师、公立医院医生、村委会小组长等是否应纳入监察对象分别进行界定。

The correct definition of the scope of supervision object is the basis for the sound operation of China’s supervision system. Article 1,Article 3 and Article 15 of the Supervision Law clearly define the scope of supervision objects. But in the process of application,there are still some problems,such as semantic ambiguity with public power and public officials,fuzzy recognition standards,and difficult to identify special subjects. In view of this,it is necessary to study the recognition standard of supervision object on the basis of clarifying the relevant concepts and identification elements such as public power and public official. We should establish the standards of public power,compound public office and behavior,and make clear the specific identification methods for different types of monitoring objects,which are respectively applicable to six types of monitoring objects,and define whether special groups such as employees of state-owned enterprises,teachers of public schools,medical students of public hospitals and group leaders of village committees should be included in the monitoring objects.