荧光蛋白结构改造及其生物传感应用

Structural Modification of Fluorescent Proteins and Their Applications in Biosensing

荧光蛋白自发现以来,因其具有基因编码、可以自主发出稳健荧光的特点,在生命科学领域中发挥着重要作用.随着对荧光蛋白的结构和功能有了更清晰的认识,在蛋白质工程技术和有机合成迅速发展的基础上,科研工作者可以对荧光蛋白的结构进行设计改造和模拟,赋予其新的性质和功能,扩宽其在生物传感、生物成像等生命领域的应用.本文以绿色荧光蛋白的结构改造为主线,从局部结构改变、桶状结构重构和表面重构等不同层面阐述了荧光蛋白结构改造的方法以及荧光蛋白模拟物的研究进展,并介绍了这些荧光蛋白及其模拟物在生物领域的代表性应用.

Since the discovery of fluorescent proteins,they have played important roles in life science,due to their genetic coding and spontaneous emission of robust fluorescence.With the development of protein engineering technology and organic synthesis,and a better understanding of the structure and function of fluorescent proteins,structural modifications and designs of fluorescent proteins were performed to give them new properties and functions,and broaden their applications in biological field such as bioimaging and biosensing.This paper focuses on the progress of the structural modification of green fluorescent protein(GFP),as well as its mimics,including mutagenesis,barrel structure reconstruction,surface reconstruction,and nucleic acid mimics of fluorescent proteins.The representative applications of these fluorescent proteins and mimics in biosensing are also introduced.