有机小分子纳米粒子的光学诊疗应用

Organic Small Molecule Nanoparticles for Phototheranostics

癌症严重威胁着人类健康,因此,急需开发高效的诊断和治疗方法.基于光敏剂和近红外激光的光学诊疗将诊断和治疗集于一体,与传统的手术治疗和化学治疗相比,光学诊疗显示出无创性和高空间选择性的优点.有机小分子染料具有确定且易于修饰的化学结构、良好的重现性和优异的生物相容性,与无机和聚合物材料相比,它是一类具有前景的可用于光学诊疗的光敏剂.本文总结了基于传统小分子染料、给体-受体(D-A)共轭小分子和聚集诱导发光(AIE)分子等有机小分子的纳米粒子在光学诊疗中的应用.此外,对于光学诊疗用有机小分子染料纳米粒子未来的挑战和前景也进行了展望.

Cancer is a global public health issue that is severely threatening human health.Efficient diagnostic and therapeutic methods are in great demand.Photosensitizer(PS)-enabled phototheranostics that integrate diagnosis and therapy into a single platform under near-infrared(NIR)laser irradiation is superior to conventional surgery resection and chemotherapy in terms of noninvasiveness,minimal harm to normal tissues,and high spatial selectivity.With the merits of defined and easily-tuned chemical structure,good reproducibility,and excellent biocompatibility,organic small molecule dyes are promising PSs in phototheranostics as compared to their inorganic and polymeric counterparts.We herein summarize the recent advances of organic small molecules,including conventional small molecule dyes,donor-acceptor(D-A)conjugated small molecules,and aggregation-induced emission molecules(AIEgens),organic small molecule nanoparticles(OSMNs)in phototheranostics.The future challenges and perspectives of OSMNs in phototheranostics are also discussed.