江西省南昌市生态敏感性空间分异研究

Study on spatial differentiation of ecological sensitivity in Nanchang City,Jiangxi Province

为辨析南昌市潜在的生态问题,把握其生态敏感性空间分异规律,选取与南昌市密切相关的土壤侵蚀、生境、地质灾害和水生态4个因素建立生态敏感性评价指标体系;并基于ArcGIS 10.2平台,采用变异系数法实现指标客观赋权,引入木桶原理解决指标综合适用性问题,结合加权叠加法进行综合评价。结果表明:南昌市生态敏感性总体较高,水生态和地质灾害是其主要的敏感类型,高度敏感区分布范围最广,主要分布在水网密集的中东部地区以及西北部山区,占全市总面积的43.79%;其次为不敏感区,占全市总面积的26.93%,主要分布在南昌市中西部的平原地区;中度敏感区和轻度敏感区紧邻高度敏感区呈带状和片状分布,分别占南昌市总面积的14.56%和14.72%。本评价结果较合理地反映了南昌市生态敏感性的空间分异规律,可为南昌市国土空间的优化配置提供理论依据。

To analyze the potential ecological problems in Nanchang and understand the spatial differentiation law of ecological sensitivity,soil erosion,habitat,geological hazard and water ecology were selected to establish an ecological sensitivity evaluation system.Based on ArcGIS 10.2,the weights of factors were obtained through the objective weighting method of coefficient variation.The barrel principle was used to solve the comprehensive applicability of indicators,and the weighted superposition method was used to conduct comprehensive evaluation.The results showed that the overall level of Nanchang’s ecological sensitivity was high.Water ecology and the geological disasters were the main sensitive types.The highly sensitive area was the most widely distributed,which were mainly distributed in the central and eastern regions.Its water network was dense and the mountainous were in the northwest accounting accounted for 43.79% of the total.Insensitive area came second,which were mainly distributed in the plains of the central and western regions of Nanchang City accounting for 26.93% of the total.The moderately sensitive area and slightly sensitive area were adjacent to the highly sensitive area,which were distributed in strips and planar,accounting for 14.56% and 14.72% of the total area of Nanchang City,respectively.In conclusion,the evaluation results reasonably reflect the spatial differentiation law of ecological sensitivity in Nanchang,which can provide a theoretical basis for the optimal allocation of land space in Nanchang City.