湖南省自闭症儿童父母心理弹性的现状研究

Study on the status quo of psychological resilience of parents of autistic children in Hunan Province

目的了解湖南省特殊儿童康复机构中自闭症儿童父母的心理弹性现状,并探讨其影响因素。方法选取2017年5-8月在湖南省长沙市、株洲市、湘潭市和衡阳市的十余所特殊儿童康复机构的自闭症儿童父母作为研究对象。采取心理弹性量表测量其心理弹性水平。结果湖南省自闭症儿童父母心理弹性平均得分为(61.70±17.70)分,条目平均分为(2.47±0.71)分。3个维度中,力量维度的条目平均分最高(2.61±0.74)分,其次为坚韧维度(2.52±0.77)分,乐观维度的条目平均分最低(2.03±0.76)分;单因素分析和多元线性回归分析显示:家庭居住地、照顾时间和自闭症儿童的年龄是自闭症儿童父母心理弹性的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论湖南省自闭症儿童父母的心理弹性处于中等水平。家庭居住地、照顾时间和自闭症儿童的年龄等均会影响到自闭症儿童父母感知心理弹性的水平。卫生服务人员及相关政府部门应动态监测自闭症儿童父母心理弹性的变化特点,针对不同阶段、不同地区的自闭症儿童父母给予个性化的帮助。

Objective To understand the status quo psychological resilience of parents of autistic children in special children's rehabilitation institutions in Hunan Province,and to explore its influencing factors.Methods We selected parents of autistic children in more than ten special children's rehabilitation institutions in Changsha,Zhuzhou,Xiangtan and Hengyang,Hunan Province from May to August 2017 as the study objects.The psychological resilience scale was adopted to measure its psychological resilience level.Results The average score of psychological resilience of parents of children with autism in Hunan Province was(61.70±17.70)points,and the average score of items was(2.47±0.71)points.Among the three dimensions,the item of strength dimension had the highest average score of(2.61±0.74)points,followed by the toughness dimension of(2.52±0.77)points,and the item of optimism dimension had the lowest average score of(2.03±0.76)points.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis showed that the family residence,nursing time and age of children with autism were the influencing factors affecting the psychological resilience of parents of children with autism(P<0.05).Conclusion The psychological resilience of parents of autistic children in Hunan Province was at a moderate level.The family residence,nursing time and age of children with autism will all affect the level of psychological resilience of parents of children with autism.Health service personnel and relevant government departments should dynamically monitor the change characteristics of the psychological resilience of the parents of autistic children,and provide personalized help to the parents of autistic children at different stages and in different regions.