卤虫属在水生生态毒理学中的研究进展

Advances in the Research on Artemia in Aquatic Ecotocicology

在环境问题日益突出的今天,生态毒理学研究对于生态系统健康发展与生态系统服务功能的提升至关重要。水生生态毒理学作为生态毒理学研究重点领域之一,正逐渐成为科研人员的关注点。目前,水生生态毒理学主要研究环境中的有毒有害物质对水生生物的毒性效应及其对生态系统的影响。作为生态毒理学研究中常用的实验动物,卤虫属动物已被广泛应用于污染物暴露、环境因子干扰、食物链传递和生态风险评价等方面。虽然,卤虫在多个研究领域都有应用,但是,由于生态毒理学发展还不完善,特别是研究人员前期对环境毒理学与生态毒理学两者界定不清,目前尚无卤虫在水生生态毒理学研究中的综合论述。本文精准检索搜集了在生态毒理学领域中卤虫研究的相关文献,深入阅读,从物种特征、优缺点与应用范围;孵化饲养标准与质量控制;实验类型与暴露方式;主要关注指标与研究目的;存在问题与展望5个方面展开论述,对卤虫在水生生态毒理学中的研究进展进行了综合概括。

Due to the worsening environmental pollution worldwide,the research on ecotoxicology plays a vital role in the development of sound ecosystem and in the improvement of ecosystem services.Aquatic ecotoxicology,one of the key researches in the field of ecotoxicology,has attracted more and more attention,with the current studies on aquatic ecotoxicology underscoring the toxic effect of poisonous pollutants on aquatic organisms and their impacts on ecosystems.Artemia,as a lab animal in ecotoxicology,has been widely used in various experiments,such as the test of pollutant exposure in environment,interfering effects of environment factors,risk assessments of ecosystem,trophic transfer of pollutants in food chain,etc.However,there has not been a comprehensive discussion on its application in aquatic ecotoxicology as the study of ecotoxicology is insufficient and the researchers haven’t got a clear definition between environmental toxicology and ecological toxicology.Based on thorough reading and careful analysis on data from literature database on the Web of Science and CNKI,the present paper provides a comprehensive study on the advance in research on Artemia in aquatic ecotoxicology through discussions on five aspects:the species characteristics of Artemia,its advantages and limitations in experiments and testing are-as,its breeding standards and quality control of experimental designs,types of experimental designs and the style of Artemia’s exposure to toxic pollutants,the key experimental indicators and research objective,and the existing limitations and future prospects.