水溶性降黏技术研究进展及海上油田应用展望

Research and development of water-soluble viscosity reducing technology in offshore heavy oil field

综述了稠油开采中所应用的水溶性降黏技术,分析了水溶性降黏剂的降黏机理,提出了用于降黏的表面活性剂的选择思路。介绍了阴离子型、非离子型、两性离子型、阴离子-非离子复配型表面活性剂的研究进展。由于具有良好的耐温、耐盐性能和抗钙镁离子能力,当前水溶性降黏剂的研究重点为阴离子-非离子复配型和两性离子型降黏剂。同时,对水溶性降黏技术在海上稠油油田的应用进行了展望。

The water-soluble viscosity-reducing technology used in heavy oil was reviewed,the reasons for the high viscosity of heavy oil,and the selection methods of surfactants were introduced.The research progress and problems of several types of surfactants were introduced,including anionic,nonionic,amphoteric,nonionic-anionic complex surfactants.Due to good temperature and salt resistance,the current research focuses are amphoteric and nonionic-anionic complex surfactants with good calcium and magnesium resistance.At the same time,the development direction of water-soluble viscosity-reducers used in offshore heavy oil was prospected.