2013-2018学年南京市秦淮区学生健康监测情况

Health monitoring of students in Qinhuai District of Nanjing City in 2013-2018 academic years

目的分析南京市秦淮区学生健康情况,为采取干预措施提供科学依据。方法从江苏省学生健康监测平台获取2013—2018学年学生健康监测数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果2013—2018学年秦淮区幼儿园、中小学在册学生546414人,授课天数为1158 d,平均缺课率为0.39%,平均因病缺课率为0.31%,人均因病缺课天数为1.91 d。幼儿园缺课率最高,其次为小学和初中,分别为1.14%、0.21%、0.11%。因病缺课的症状首位的是发热,其次是呼吸道症状。发生的疾病以感冒、传染病、气管炎、肺炎和胃肠道疾病为主。学生因病缺课时间分布呈双峰型,主峰在12月,次峰在3—5月;男女缺课比为1∶0.87,其中意外伤害男女缺课比为1∶0.51。结论针对学生因病缺课发生的学校类型、时间和年龄别的差异,应采取综合预防控制措施。

Objective To analyze the health status of students in Qinhuai District of Nanjing,provide scientific basis for taking intervention measures. Methods Student health monitoring data in 2013-2018 academic years were collected from the Student Health Monitoring Platform of Jiangsu Province,and were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results 546 414 students were enrolled in kindergartens and primary and secondary schools in Qinhuai District from 2013-2018 academic years.The teaching days were 1 158 days,the average absence rate was 0.39%,the average rate of absence due to illness was 0.31%,and the days of absence due to illness per capita was 1.91 days. The absence rate of kindergarten was the highest,followed by primary school and junior middle school,which was 1.14%,0.21% and 0.11% respectively. The first symptom of absence from school due to illness was fever,followed by respiratory symptoms. The main diseases were colds,infectious diseases,tracheitis,pneumonia and gastrointestinal diseases. The temporal distribution of of students’ absence due to illness was bimodal,which the main peak was in December and the second peak was from March to May. The absence ratio of male to female was 1 ∶0.87,and the absence ratio of male to female due to unintentional injury was 1 ∶0.50. Conclusion Comprehensive preventive and control measures should be taken according to the difference of school type,time and age of students who miss classes due to illness.