基于模型预测控制的风光储黑启动功率协调策略

Power Coordination Strategy Based on Model Predictive Control for Black Start With PV-wind-battery System

随着电网规模增大,大停电事故后果越来越严重;受自然资源约束,风光充裕地区的传统黑启动电源不足。将风光储系统作为黑启动电源,可以提高区域电网的黑启动能力。因此,提出了基于模型预测控制的风光储黑启动功率协调策略。首先,介绍了风光储发电系统,构建了刻画风光储系统参与黑启动评价指标;然后,根据风光储发电系统的运行特性,设计了风光储黑启动控制方式,在此基础上结合模型预测控制的框架,构建了风光储发电系统的预测模型和滚动优化模型,通过模型求解实现对风光储发电系统输出功率的优化调节;最后,通过不同风光储发电系统协调优化策略的对比分析,并用指标对仿真结果进行评价,得出所提协调优化策略可以有效降低储能充放电深度,减小储能充放电功率波动以及所需配置储能容量,使风光储发电系统输出功率满足黑启动功率要求,同时防止储能荷电状态越限。

With the increase of power grid scales,the consequences of blackouts have become more and more serious.Restricted from the local natural resources,the traditional black start power supply is insufficient in the areas with abundant solar and wind power.Taking the PV-wind-battery system as the black start power supply can improve the black start ability of the regional power grids.Therefore,this paper proposes a coordinated optimization strategy for black start in the PV-wind-battery system based on the model predictive control(MPC).Firstly,the paper introduces the PV-wind-battery system,and constructs the evaluation indexes to describe the participation of the PV-wind-battery system in black starts.Then,according to the operation characteristics of the PV-wind-battery system,the black start control mode of the PV-wind-battery system is designed.On this basis,combined with the framework of the MPC,the predictive model and rolling optimization model of the PV-wind-battery system are constructed.The optimal regulation of the output power of the PV-wind-battery system is realized with the solution of the model.Finally,through the comparative analysis of different coordinated optimization strategies of the PV-wind-battery systems and with the evaluation of simulation results with relevant indicators,the proposed coordinated optimization strategy is verified to effectively reduce the depth of energy storage charge and discharge and reduce the fluctuation of energy storage power and the required configuration of energy storage capacity,so that the output power of wind and power storage system can meet the requirements of black start load power and prevent the energy storage SOC from exceeding limits.