考虑信息物理系统耦合和用户响应差异的负荷聚合商需求响应特性分析

Analysis of LA Demand Response Characteristics Considering Cyber Physical System Coupling and User’s Response Difference

随着智能电网的发展,负荷聚合商通过先进的量测设备和通信网络可以聚合用户的可响应负荷,实现需求响应,改善配网运行。但实际应用中,用户响应行为的不确定性、需求响应设备故障和需求响应时延等因素都将影响负荷聚合商的响应特性。该文基于需求响应信息物理系统的耦合特性,以经济激励为唯一激励手段,对需求响应中配网对负荷聚合商(loadaggregator,LA)的激励和可靠性约束、用户响应的可靠性和聚合商的可靠性以及经济运行进行建模。研究了信息物理系统耦合、用户响应不确定性以及配网对LA的可靠性约束对LA响应能力、需求响应(demandresponse,DR)可靠性以及运行经济性的影响。仿真结果表明,配网给出的DR激励价格、配网对LA的可靠性约束和用户响应差异性导致的响应不确定性是决定LA最优经济激励价格的关键因素。

With the development of smart grid,load aggregators can aggregate user’s responsive load through advanced measurement equipment and communication networks to conduct demand response and improve operation of distribution network.However,in practical applications,the uncertainty of user’s response,the failure of response equipment and demand response delay will affect the response characteristics of the load aggregator.Based on the cyber physical system coupling of demand response,this paper takes economic incentive as the only incentive to model the incentive and reliability constraints of LA,user’s response reliability,aggregator’s reliability and economic operation.The effects of cyber physical system,user’s response uncertainty and reliability constraints of distribution network on LA’s response capability,reliability and operational economy are studied.The simulation results show that the DR incentive price given by the distribution network,the reliability constraint of the distribution network to LA and the uncertainty of the response caused by the user’s response difference are the key factors determining the optimal economic incentive price of LA.