中国与“一带一路”沿线国家马铃薯贸易发展策略

Development Strategy of Potato Trade between China and Countries along the Belt and Road

中国与“一带一路”国家马铃薯贸易量增加趋势明显,其他鲜或冷藏的马铃薯是马铃薯贸易中占比最大的产品。“一带一路”倡议的提出和逐步推进,给中国与“一带一路”沿线国家的马铃薯贸易带来了不可多得的发展机遇。基于对中国与“一带一路”沿线国家的马铃薯及其制品贸易现状的分析,剖析了当前中国与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易存在的阻碍;总结了影响马铃薯贸易的多种因素,包括单产水平、技术水平较低,加工业发展情况,沿线国家基础设施完善情况以及绿色贸易壁垒等;阐明了当前中国在与沿线国家进行马铃薯贸易合作中所面临的机遇与挑战。最后,提出包括培育新型经营主体、构建科技支撑系统、鼓励深加工、完善基础设施等方式,从源头防范绿色贸易壁垒等措施,提高综合生产水平,改善马铃薯贸易环境,促进马铃薯贸易发展。

The potato trade volume between China and the Belt and Road countries has an obvious increasing trend,and other fresh or frozen potatoes account for the largest proportion of potato trade.The introduction and gradual advancement of the Belt and Road Initiative has brought a rare opportunity for the potato trade between China and countries along the Belt and Road.Based on the analysis of the status quo of potato trade and its products between China and countries along the Belt and Road,the obstacles existing in the trade between China and the countries along the Belt and Road were analyzed,and a variety of factors affecting potato trade were summarized,including the low yield level and technical level,the development of processing industry,the improvement of infrastructure in the countries along the Belt and Road and green trade barriers,and the opportunities and challenges of the potato trade cooperation between China and the countries along the Belt and Road were illustrated.Finally,some measures on preventing green trade barriers from the source were put forward,including cultivating new operators,building science and technology support system,encouraging deep processing,improving infrastructure and so on,in order to improve the overall production level,enhance the potato trade environment,and promote the development of potato trade.