骨折愈合过程中Runx2基因的作用机制

Mechanism of Runx2 gene in fracture healing

背景:骨折愈合的基础是骨膜成骨细胞再生,Runx2对于骨细胞发育乃至骨形成都至关重要。目的:综述国内外相关文献,总结Runx2基因与骨折愈合之间的关系,了解探讨Runx2基因在骨折愈合中的作用机制及前景。方法:中文以"Runx2,骨折愈合,成骨细胞,软骨细胞,破骨细胞"检索CNKI、万方、维普数据库;英文以"runx2,fracture healing,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,osteoclasts"检索PubMed数据库,收录与Runx2基因在骨折愈合中的作用机制相关的文献报道,按照选文标准对文献进行筛选,并排除重复性研究及年代久远的文献。共纳入52篇文章进行综述分析。结果与结论:①Runx2在调控骨骼相关基因中发挥着重要作用,它不仅通过调节成骨细胞、软骨细胞、破骨细胞等骨细胞来调控骨吸收、骨形成与骨重建的过程,同时还可以与Wnt、骨形态发生蛋白/转化生长因子β信号传导通路,以及甲状旁腺激素、成纤维细胞生长因子分子之间相互作用来维持成骨细胞的形成和分化;②Runx2已经通过多项动物实验证实可对骨细胞分化增殖相关因素进行有效调控转录;③目前还未清楚掌握Runx2在细胞因子和信号通路中相关的作用机制。

BACKGROUND:Regeneration of periosteal osteoblasts is essential for fracture healing.Runx2 is crucial for bone cell development and even for bone formation.OBJECTIVE:To review relevant domestic and foreign literatures,summarize the relationship between Runx2 gene and fracture healing,and understand the mechanism and prospect of Runx2 gene in fracture healing.METHODS:CNKI,WanFang,VIP,and PubMed databases were retrieved with the keywords of"runx2,fracture healing,osteoblasts,chondrocytes,osteoclasts"in Chinese and English,respectively.Literature reports related to the mechanism of Runx2 gene in fracture healing were included.According to the selection criteria,the literature was screened,and the repetitive research and the long-standing literature were excluded.A total of 52 articles were included for review and analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Runx2 plays important roles in regulation of skeletal development-related genes.Runx2 regulates the processes of bone resorption,formation and remodeling by regulating osteoblasts,chondrocytes,osteoclasts and other bone cells.It also can maintain the formation and differentiation of osteoblasts by interaction with Wnt,bone morphogenetic protein/transforming growth factorβsignaling pathways,parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor molecules.Runx2 has been confirmed by a number of animal experiments that it can effectively regulate the transcription and related factors of osteocyte differentiation and proliferation.However,the mechanism of Runx2 in cytokines and signal pathways still remains unclear.