产业集聚对绿色发展效率的影响机制——以吉林省限制开发区为例

The Effect of Industrial Agglomeration on Green Development Efficiency in Restricted Development Zone of Jilin Province

适度的产业集聚能够促进专业化生产、改善资源利用方式、提高绿色发展效率,与限制开发区的功能定位与发展方向高度契合。运用考虑非期望产出SBM-DEA模型对2011—2015年吉林省限制开发区绿色发展效率进行测算,并运用空间分析法分析其空间差异特征,在此基础上采用Tobit回归模型分析产业集聚对绿色发展效率的影响机制。结果表明:①吉林省限制开发区绿色发展效率处于中等水平,在时间变化上呈现波动上升的趋势,在类型上重点生态功能区的绿色发展效率高于农产品主产区;②绿色发展效率空间上分布不均衡,梨树县、伊通县、长岭县、乾安县、扶余县、抚松县、安图县等7县位于有效状态,其余大多数县(市、区)处于效率损失状态;③产业集聚水平与绿色发展效率之间存在先抑制后促进的"U"型非线性关系;④城镇化、产业结构、经济发展、人口承载力等控制因素对绿色发展效率均呈现不同程度的影响。最后根据影响机制分析结果提出相应的政策启示。

Green development efficiency is an indicator that is tied to economic growth and environment and severs as a useful instrument for sustainability analysis.This article estimates green development efficiency of 37 counties in restricted development zone of Jilin during 2011–2015 using slack SBM-DEA model which takes consideration of undesirable output.Then this article goes on to determine whether industrial agglomeration promote or impede the enhancement of green development efficiency in restricted development zone of Jilin by Tobit model.The results show that:1)The average green development efficiency ranges from 0.5654 to 0.6705 during 2011–2015,which is at the medium level lower,and are following an upward path.Significant spatial differences exist in the green development efficiency in Northeast China.There are 7 counties,such as Lishu,Yitong,Changling,Ganan,Fuyu,Fusong and Antu in the green development state,and most of the other counties and cities are in a state of green development efficiency loss.2)A U-shaped nonlinear relationship exists between industrial agglomeration level and green development efficiency and the inflection point is 1.257.The results concerning the industrial agglomeration level and its squared value reveal that green development undergoes a process of falling first and then rising as the industrial agglomeration reaches a high level.While green development efficiency tends to fall during the low level of industrial agglomeration,there comes a turning point when green development efficiency begins to increase as the industrial agglomeration level increases.3)Industrialization and environmental regulation have no significant impact on green development efficiency.Control factors,such as economic development,urbanization,industrial structure,population carrying capacity,have different degrees of impact on green development efficiency,passing the significance test within 10%level.Economic development level and industrial structure are positively related to green development efficiency,while urbanization level and population density are negatively related to green development efficiency.4)According to the analysis of effects of industrial agglomeration on green development efficiency,some corresponding policy implications are proposed in this article.The restricted development zone in Jilin Province should achieve the goal of improving the efficiency of green development by promoting urbanization,adjusting industrial structure,transforming economic growth mode,and guiding population carrying capacity.