中外杰出科学家行政任职状况比较研究

A Comparative Study on Administrative Positions of Outstanding Scientists at Home and Abroad

杰出科学家是国家科技发展的主导力量。分析其工作时间和精力的基本配比可以从体制机制方面进一步揭示科学创新的内在规律。本文以中国科学院物理学部的院士群体和诺贝尔物理学奖获得者群体为研究对象,从行政、社会和学术3个方面的任职差异进行全面比较和分析。结果显示:中科院院士任职种类多、数量大、时间长,而且在当选前后的不同阶段、不同任职类型和人均任职数量上也显著高于诺贝尔奖获得者。量化分析发现,中国社会对杰出科学家的职业期待以及杰出科学家在工作时间、精力分配和各类任职承担等方面都有进一步完善的空间。

Outstanding scientists are the leading force in the country's scientific and technological development.Analyzing the basic proportion of their working hours can create conditions for their scientific research and innovation in terms of system and mechanism.This paper takes the academicians of the physics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Nobel Prize winners in physics as research objects,and makes a comprehensive comparison and analysis of the differences in the administrative,social and academic aspects.The results show that the academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences not only have a wide variety of positions,a large number of positions and a long tenure,but also at different stages before and after election,different types of positions and the number of positions per capita are significantly higher than the Nobel Prize winners.The quantitative analysis results show that there is room for further improvement in the professional expectations of outstanding scientists in Chinese society and outstanding scientists'allocation of working hours and the undertaken of various positions.