种植密度对烤烟养分吸收与烟叶质量的影响

Effects of Different Planting Densities on Nutrient Elements Absorption and Leaf Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

通过在皖南烟区不同种植密度的田间试验,研究烤烟成熟期(移栽后103 d)的农艺性状、养分吸收、积累及分配规律和烟叶质量特征,从而指导烤烟的优化栽培。结果表明,固定行距下,不同株距对成熟期烟株农艺性状和氮、磷、钾元素的积累影响很小。适当密植可以增加叶片中氮、磷、钾元素的积累量,减少茎部氮、磷、钾元素的积累量,增加地上部氮和钾元素的积累量和分配率,减少磷的积累量和分配率,增加根部磷元素的积累量和分配率,钾的积累量呈增加趋势。适当密植后C3F烟叶中氯的含量增加,总糖含量降低,钾含量呈降低趋势,总植物碱和总氮含量呈先升高后降低的趋势;同时B2F烟叶中还原糖、总糖及氯的含量呈增加的趋势,降低了总植物碱的含量。从烟叶感官质量指标总体来看,行距1.1 m、株距0.45和0.55 m处理的评吸质量较好。

Field test with different planting densities was arranged in south Anhui area.The agronomic characters,absorption,accumulation and distribution of nutrient elements at maturity stage(103 d after transplanting)of flue-cured tobacco and its quality characters were studied to guide the optimized cultivation of flue-cured tobacco in local area.The results showed that under the same array pitch,the treatment with different plant spacing had little effects on agronomic characters and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium at maturity stage.Rational dense planting could increase the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in leaves,decrease the accumulation of them in stems,increase the accumulation and distribution rate of nitrogen and potassium in shoot,but decrease the accumulation and distribution rate of phosphorus.Meanwhile,the accumulation and distribution rate of phosphorus in root increased,and the accumulation of potassium showed an increasing trend.Rational dense planting could increase the chlorine content reduce the total sugar content,decrease the potassium content,and increase first and then decrease the total content of alkaloid and total nitrogen in C3F tobacco leaves.However,it could increase the sugar,total sugar and chlorine content,and reduce the total alkaloids content of in B2F tobacco leaves.In general,the treatments of 1.1 m row spacing with 0.45 m or 0.55 m planting space were better by evaluating the sensory quality of tobacco.