石臼港近岸海域春季鱼卵仔稚鱼调查研究

Investigation on Ichthyoplankton in Offshore Area of Shijiu Port in Spring

[目的]探明石臼港近岸海域春季鱼卵仔稚鱼的种类组成、优势种、数量组成和分布情况,分析其群落结构的年际变化趋势。[方法]于2016年5月(春季)在石臼港区近岸海域用大型浮游生物网拖网所采集的鱼卵仔稚鱼调查资料,分析了该海域的鱼卵仔稚鱼的种类组成和生态类型特征;结合历史调查数据,分析该海域鱼卵仔稚鱼的演替趋势。[结果]此次调查该海域共采集到鱼卵13种,其中鲈形目(Perciformes)6种,鲱形目(Clupeiformes)3种,鲽形目(Pleuronectiformes)2种,鲻形目(Mugiliformes)、鮋形目(Scorpaeniformes)各1种;所获仔稚鱼2种,鲻形目和鲈形目各1种。调查海域鱼卵平均密度为0.30 ind./m^3,仔稚鱼平均密度为0.01 ind./m^3,鱼卵优势种为绯衔(Callionymus beniteguri),仔稚鱼优势种为鮻(Liza haematocheilus)。[结论]与历史资料相比,此次调查海域鱼卵仔稚鱼的种类组成和优势种变化较大,资源量大幅度下降。

[Objective]The species composition,dominant species,quantity composition and distribution of ichthyoplankton in spring in the offshore area of Shijiu Port were studied,and the interannual change trend of community structure was also discussed.[Method]In May(spring)of 2016,the investigation data of fish eggs,larvae and juveniles collected by using large plankton net trawling in the offshore area of Shijiu Port were analyzed.The species composition and ecological type characteristics of fish eggs,larvae and juveniles in this area were discussed.The succession trend of fish eggs,larvae and juveniles in this area was analyzed based on the historical investigation data.[Result]13 species of fish eggs were collected in the offshore area in the investigation,including 6 species of Perciformes,3 species of Clupeiformes,2 species of Pleuroctiformes,1 species of Mugiliformes,1 species of Scorpeniformes.Among 2 species of larvae and juveniles collected,there were 1 species of Perciformes and 1 species of Mugiliformes.The average density of fish eggs in the investigated sea area was 0.30 ind./m^3,the average density of larvae and juveniles was 0.01 ind./m^3.The dominant species of fish eggs was Callionymus beniteguri,and the dominant species of larvae and juveniles was Liza haematocheilus.[Conclusion]Compared with the historical data,the species composition and dominant species of ichthyoplankton in the investigated sea area had great changes,and the resources had significantly declined.