重大疫情下刑事案件远程庭审的运行与省思

Operation and Reflection of Remote Trial of Criminal Cases under Major Epidemic Situation

远程庭审依托网络视频技术,具有突破时空限制的优势,与重大疫情防控期间刑事案件审理与秩序维护需要相契合。从实践来看,远程庭审运行潜藏多重风险,技术性要素欠缺与庭审规范化要求相背离,程序规范阙如使其与权利保障要求存在张力,线上审理形式对庭审实质化有所冲击,从而对社会审判需求呈弱回应性。为弥补社会需求旺盛而远程庭审制度供给不足之间的矛盾,应提升远程庭审对信息化技术的适应力,以权利保障与庭审实质化为着力点,聚焦解决远程庭审的短板和弱项,促使远程庭审由"即视审判"迈向"即视正义"。

Relying on network information technology,remote court trial has the advantage of breaking through the limitation of time and space,meeting the needs of criminal case trial and order maintenance during major epidemic prevention and control,and basically ensuring the formal rationality of the simultaneous presence of the prosecution,defense and trial.However,there are multiple risks in the operation of the remote trial.In view of the lack of technical elements deviating from the requirements of the standardization of the trial,the lack of procedural norms and rights protection,and the influence on the materialization of the trial,this paper presents a weak response to the needs of the social trial.In order to bridge the gap between formal rationality and substantive rationality of remote court hearing,we should integrate system norms,rights protection and judicial concepts in multiple dimensions,coordinate the modern relationship between remote court hearing and judicial system,protect the parties’right to choose and relief,implement the concept of equal confrontation between the prosecution and the defense,integrate formal rationality and substantive rationality,and realize"instant justice".