冠状病毒疫苗研发的若干技术路线

Technical routes for coronavirus vaccine development

目前已知严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERSCoV)、新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)这3种冠状病毒可引发人类重症疾病,并造成疾病暴发或大规模流行。疫情发生后,全球范围内多家机构开展冠状病毒相关疫苗研发工作,研发疫苗类型主要包括灭活疫苗、减毒活疫苗、病毒载体疫苗、基因重组亚单位疫苗及核酸疫苗5种。本文结合国内外冠状病毒疫苗研发情况,对冠状病毒疫苗研发技术路线进行概述。

Three types of coronavirus,SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,and SARS-CoV-2,are known to cause severe diseases in humans and cause outbreaks or epidemics.After the outbreak of the epidemic,a number of institutions around the world carried out coronavirus related vaccine research and development,and the vaccines are mainly divided into five types:inactivated virus vaccine,alive-attenuated vaccine,gene recombination subunit vaccine,viral vector vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine.In this review,the progress in coronavirus vaccine development was summarized by analyzing the global research of coronavirus vaccine.