《说文段注》之“同意”及其理论意义

Study on Tongyi(同意)in Shuowen Jiezi Zhu(《说文段注》)and its Theoretical Significance

"同意"是《说文解字》所揭示的一种汉字构形现象,或指几个字的某个构件之构意相同,或指整字的构形意图相同。段玉裁不仅继承了许慎的"同意"说,而且有所发展,主要表现为在明确区分"意"与"义"的基础上,重视"意"这一概念;对"同意"做了理论阐释;增加了"同意"字组;丰富了同意字的结构类型。段玉裁的理论发明对于当今文字学的研究具有重要启示意义:"意"是古今汉字皆有的科学概念,是建构完善的汉字学理论体系必不可少的概念;形—构—意—义的交互关系不仅体现在"同意"字方面,而且是理解"造字过程"和"识字过程"的理论指导;以此为基点离析文字学上的相关概念亦具有十分重要的意义。

Tongyi(同意)is a phenomenon of configuration of Chinese characters revealed in Shuowen Jiezi(《说文解字》),which refers to the same configuration intention among characters’components or of the whole characters.Duan yucai inherited and developed Xushen’s conception of tongyi(同意)in the following aspects:(1)he made distinction between Yi/Intention(意)and meaning(义)clearly and attached importance to the concept of Yi/Intention(意);(2)he proposed a theoretical interpretation of tongyi;(3)he added more examples into the group of tongyi(同意)characters and enriched their types of structure.Duan yucai’s theoretical invention is of great significance to the study of modern philology.Yi/Intention(意)is a scientific concept that exists in both ancient and modern Chinese characters,and it is an indispensable concept to construct a complete theoretical system of Chinese writing.The interaction between form,structure,Yi/Intention(意)and meaning is not only embodied in those tongyi(同意)group of characters,but also in the theoretical guidance for understanding character formation process and construal process.Therefore,it is of great significance to separate the related concepts in philology.