爆坑尺寸的计算与试验研究

Calculation and experimental study of blasting crater size

为了研究爆坑尺寸与爆炸位置和爆炸当量的函数关系,归纳了国内外炸药近地面爆炸成坑效应研究情况,分析了爆炸形成的爆坑尺寸计算公式和适用条件,并将野外爆炸试验的数据与计算公式及相关文献给出的试验结果进行对比,分析了结果偏差所产生的原因。结果表明:爆坑尺寸计算公式需考虑爆炸高度的影响,还应结合一定次数的场地试验来得到不同场地上爆炸成坑尺寸与爆炸当量和爆炸高度的函数关系,并且考虑炸药种类;同时爆坑试验结果离散性大,爆坑尺寸计算公式应采用上下限的形式。

In order to investigate the functional relationship between the blasting crater size and explosive position and explosion equivalent,the research on crater-forming effect of near-ground explosive in home and abroad was summarized.The calculation formula and applicable conditions of the explosion crater size were analyzed.The data of field explosion experiment were compared with results of calculation formula and related literature,and the reason of the result deviation was analyzed.The results show that the influence of explosion height should be considered in the calculation formula of crater size.A certain number of field tests should be combined to obtain the functional relationship between the blasting crater size and the explosion height,and the type of explosive should be considered.Due to the large discreteness of the blasting crater size,the calculation formula of the blasting crater size should be in the form of upper and lower limits.