中国排球超级联赛的竞争平衡现状与调控策略研究

Research on the Competitive Balance And Control Strategy of China Volleyball Super League

竞争平衡是评估职业联赛可持续发展的重要指标,分析我国职业排球联赛的竞争平衡状况,探究影响我国排球联赛竞争平衡的因素,为我国排球职业联赛的高质量发展提供理论支撑。主要采用文献资料、数理统计等方法,从宏观、中观和微观三个层面对联赛的竞争平衡性进行分析。研究发现:当前排球超级联赛的竞争存在不平衡的状况,主要体现在小组赛胜率极差较大、冠军归属稳定性过高、竞争平衡率(CBR)偏高、近几届联赛的比赛胜率逐步趋于离散、胜场局比分比例失调等。建议:建立宏观调控机制,构建联赛“命运共同体”;成立“俱乐部成长基金”,促进俱乐部间经济均衡;恢复联赛升降级制度,从赛制创新进行突破和加强联赛后备人才培养,促进运动员合理流动。

Competitive balance is an important index in evaluating the sustainable development of professional league,analyzing the competitive balance of China's professional volleyball league,exploring the factors affected the competitive balance,and put forward targeted control strategies to provide theoretical support for the high-quality development of volleyball league.The paper mainly analyzes the competitive balance of the league from three levels of macro,medium and micro by means of literature and mathematical statistics.The results show that the competitive balance of the current volleyball super League is not optimistic,which is mainly reflected in the large difference of the winning rate,the high stability of the championship,the high competitive balance rate(CBR),the gradual dispersion of the winning rate and the imbalance of the winning game scores.It is suggested to establish a macro-control mechanism,build a"community of common destiny"in the league,set up a"club growth fund",promoting the economic balance between clubs,restore the league promotion and demotion system,make breakthroughs from the competition system innovation and strengthen the cultivation of reserve talents in the league,so as to promote the rational flow of players.