恩格斯对马克思主义国家学说的卓越贡献

Engels’Outstanding Contributions to Marxist Theory of the State

恩格斯为马克思主义国家学说的创建、发展和完善,作出了卓越的贡献。在1848年以前,恩格斯通过参加社会实践,以对工人阶级的研究和对资产阶级政治经济学、资本主义国家的批判,襄助唯物史观国家学说的创建。在1848年后的革命斗争时期,恩格斯通过对欧洲革命经验的总结,研究民族独立和民族国家问题,研究巴黎公社以及对巴枯宁和杜林的批判,使马克思主义国家学说得到进一步的丰富和发展。在马克思逝世后,晚年的恩格斯根据原始社会研究的新材料和资本主义国家的新变化,全面、系统、完整地阐述了国家问题,致力于马克思主义国家学说的增添和完善。

Engels made outstanding contributions to the establishment,development and improvement of Marxist theory of the state. Before 1848,Engels had helped establish the state theory of historical materialism by taking part in social practice,studying the working class and criticizing the bourgeois political economy and capitalist countries. In the revolutionary struggle that followed 1848,Engels further enriched and developed Marxist theory of the state by summarizing the experience of the European Revolution,studying the issues of national independence and nation-state,studying the Paris Commune and criticizing Bakunin and Durin. After the death of Marx,Engels in his later years comprehensively and systematically elaborated the national issues based on the new materials of primitive society research and the new changes in capitalist countries and devoted himself to the addition and improvement of Marxist theory of the state.