未成年人社会调查制度省察: 制度检视与变革路向

A Survey of the Social Investigation System of Minors:System Inspection and Change Direction

未成年人社会调查制度作为一项重要的国际少年司法原则,符合未成年人刑事案件办理的实际需求。通过对社会调查制度的立法脉络梳理发现,我国社会调查制度经历了一个从地方尝试到立法明确的过程。然而,实践中社会调查制度仍然存在主体不规范、社会调查报告质量欠佳、社会调查方式不完善等诸多弊端。鉴此,为有效应对社会调查制度的实践适用困境,应当回归社会调查制度之兼顾诉讼经济与人权保障的功能定位,建立科学的未成年人社会调查评估体系,完善社会调查的程序设计及重新定位其证据效力,从而使社会调查制度切实发挥应有的制度价值,为少年司法的完善提供助力。

As an important international juvenile justice principle,the social investigation system for minors meets the actual needs of handling juvenile criminal cases.Through combing the legislative context of the social investigation system,it is found that the social investigation system in China has gone through a process from local trial to explicit legislation.However,in practice,the social investigation system still has many drawbacks,such as nonstandard subjects,poor quality of social investigation reports,imperfect social investigation methods and so on.In view of this,in order to effectively cope with the practical application dilemma of the social investigation system,we should return to the functional orientation of the social investigation system that takes into account litigation economy and human rights protection,establish a scientific social investigation and evaluation system for minors,improve the program design of social investigation and reposition its evidence effectiveness,so as to make the social investigation system play its due institutional value and provide assistance for the improvement of juvenile justice.