农地确权能否提高农户参与村庄选举的意愿?

Will Certification of Farmland Right Be Able to Enhance Farmers’Willingness to Vote?

借助中国新一轮的农地产权制度改革,在围绕产权行为能力与产权实际执行程度关系进行理论分析的基础上,采用CLDS 2016年全国6940户农户的调查数据,运用工具变量、两阶段估计等方法分析农地确权的选举效应,尝试回答农地产权这一经济权利能否带来农村更加广泛政治参与的问题。结果发现:农地确权显著提升了农户参与村庄选举的积极性,但这一影响只在从事农业生产的家庭中成立;在从事农业生产的家庭内部,相较于非农劳动力,农地确权更能提升农业劳动力参与村庄选举的积极性,相较于男性,农地确权对女性农业劳动力的选举效应更为显著。可能的机制在于农地确权证书的发放增加了农业生产主体,尤其是女性农业劳动力对农业生产收益的重视程度,进而提高了其参与村庄民主选举的积极性,目的在于以参与集体行动决策来拓展自身产权行为能力,从而获取预期农业收益。

In light of a new round of agricultural land property rights system reform in China’s rural areas,the paper makes an theoretical analysis of the relationship between disposing capacity of property and the executing status of property,and then analyzes the election effect of the farmland property certification by using instrument variables,two-stage estimation and other methods with the data including 6940 families in China from Labor-force Dynamic Survey in 2016.The study aims to answer the question whether the economic right of farmland property rights can bring about more extensive political participation in rural areas.The results are presented as follows..Firstly,the certification of the farmland property significantly raises the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in village elections,but this effect is only practicable in the households engaged in agricultural production.Secondly,the certification of farmland property can enhance more enthusiasm of agricultural labors than of non-agricultural labors to participate in village elections.Moreover,compared with male labor forces,the certification of farmland property has a more significant effect on the election of female labor forces and the internal mechanism is possible because the certification of farmland property attracts the female labor forces’attention to the agricultural incomes,who are the main body of agricultural production.Thus,it improves their enthusiasm to participate in village democratic elections.