短潜伏期体感诱发电位联合脑电反应性对重度脑损伤患者预后的预测价值

Predicting the prognosis for severe brain injury patients:short-latency somatosensory evoked potential combined with electroencephalogram reactivity

目的探讨短潜伏期体感诱发电位(SLSEP)联合脑电反应性(EEG-R)对重度脑损伤患者预后的预测价值。方法选取2018年7月至2019年1月入住中南大学湘雅医院神经外科重症监护病房重度脑损伤的患者,于发病14 d内行SLSEP和脑电图(EEG)检查,在脑电信号平稳时行EEG-R检查。同时,抽取静脉血检测神经元特异度烯醇化酶(NSE)和S-100蛋白浓度。随访12个月,按格拉斯哥预后量表(GOS)评分分组,1~2分为预后不良组,3~5分为预后良好组。分析各指标与患者预后之间的关系。使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)对每个潜在的预测因子进行评估。结果共有43例患者纳入此项研究,26例患者预后良好,17例患者预后不良。单因素分析显示格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分、血清NSE浓度、EEG-R、SLSEP波幅与患者12个月后预后相关,其预测患者预后良好的AUC分别为0.661(95%CI:0.493~0.829)、0.697(95%CI:0.531~0.862)、0.718(95%CI:0.557~0.879)、0.758(95%CI:0.609~0.907)。而两组患者的年龄、性别、瞳孔对光反射、血清S100蛋白浓度之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,仅SLSEP波幅(OR=2.058,95%CI:0.867~4.888)和EEG-R(OR=3.748,95%CI:0.857~16.394)是患者预后良好的独立预测因子,其联合预测患者预后良好AUC为0.798。结论SLSEP较高波幅和EEG-R存在是预测重度脑损伤患者预后良好的指标,两者联合预测患者预后良好更加可靠。

Objective To explore the the effectiveness of using short-latency somatosensory evoked potential(SLSEP) combined with electroencephalogram(EEG) reactivity to predict the prognosis of severe brain injury(SBI) patients.Methods Consecutive patients with SBI admitted in neurosurgery intensive care unit(NSICU) at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from July 2018 to January 2019 were prospectively collected. SLSEP and EEG were recorded in these patients in NSICU within two weeks after injury onset. EEG reactivity(EEG-R) was tested during EEG signal stabilization. In addition, the concentrations of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 protein were also detected. All patients were evaluated with Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS) during 12 months′ follow-up. GOS grade 3 to 5 was defined as favorable group, and GOS grade 1 to 2 was defined as unfavorable group. The association of relevant predictors with patient′s prognosis was assessed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate each potential predictor.Results Forty-three patients were included in the study, with 26 patients of favorable outcomes and 17 patients with unfavorable prognosis. Univariate analysis revealed that the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, the concentration of serum NSE, EEG-R, the amplitude of SLSEP were all associated with the prognosis after 12 months′ follow-up. Moreover, the AUC for prediction of favorable prognosis by GCS, NSE, EEG-R, SLSEP was 0.661(95%CI: 0.493-0.829), 0.697(95%CI: 0.531-0.862), 0.718(95%CI: 0.557-0.879) and 0.758(95%CI: 0.609-0.907) respectively. However, there was no significant difference of age, gender, pupillary light reflex and S100 protein between the two groups. Furthermore, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only SLSEP amplitude (OR=2.058, 95%CI: 0.867-4.888) and EEG-R(OR=3.748, 95%CI: 0.857-16.394) were independent predictors of favorable prognosis, and the prognostic model containing these two variables yielded an predictive performance with an AUC of 0.798.Conclusion The higher amplitude of SLSEP and the existence of EEG-R are predictors of good prognosis in SBI patients, and the combined use of SLSEP and EEG-R in predicting the prognosis of SBI patients is more reliable.