联合国教科文组织21世纪STEM素养框架及其实现路径

The Framework and Implementation Approaches of STEM Competences for 21st Century of UNESCO

2019年,联合国教科文组织发布《探索21世纪的STEM素养》报告,提出了面向21世纪的STEM素养框架及其实现路径。STEM素养框架的要素包括:STEM知识、STEM技能和STEM态度和价值观。STEM素养是指个人在日常生活、工作场所或教育环境中综合应用STEM知识、技能及STEM态度和价值观的能力。就STEM素养框架的实现路径,提出了三个途径:通过具体学科的途径开展STEM教育、通过融合性的途径开展STEM教育和通过教学性的途径开展STEM教育。同时讨论了如何把STEM教育融入课程框架的问题。

The United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO) released a report of "Exploring STEM Competences for the 21st Century" in 2019,and put forward the framework and implementation approaches of STEM competences.As for the framework,the components of STEM competence include STEM knowledge,STEM skills and STEM Attitudes and Values.STEM Competence refers to an individual’s ability to apply STEM knowledge,skills and attitudes appropriately in his or her everyday life,workplace or educational context.As for implementation of the framework,UNESCO suggested three approaches:STEM through a discipline-specific approach,STEM through integrated approaches,and STEM through pedagogical approaches.UNECSO also discussed issues about how to integrate STEM into curriculum frameworks.