某模具生产企业员工2种模式职业紧张对抑郁症状影响

Effects of two occupational stress models on depressive symptom of employees in a mould-producing enterprise

目的探讨2种职业紧张模式下某模具生产企业员工抑郁症状的影响因素。方法采用整群抽样法,选择某模具生产企业457名员工作为研究对象,分别采用《流行病学研究中心抑郁量表》和中文版《工作内容问卷》、《付出-回报失衡问卷》调查其抑郁症状及工作要求-自主(JDC)和付出-回报失衡(ERI)模式职业紧张及相关影响因素。结果457名研究对象的抑郁症状得分中位数为11.0分,检出率为23.4%(107/457)。JDC模式下高度职业紧张检出率为78.3%(358/457),ERI模式下高度职业紧张检出率为62.6%(286/457)。ERI模式下,高度职业紧张组人群抑郁症状检出率高于低度职业紧张组(26.6%vs 18.1%,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,JDC模式中,婚姻状况和月收入均是抑郁症状的影响因素(P<0.05);ERI模式中,婚姻状况、月收入和职业紧张均是抑郁症状的影响因素(P<0.05),高度职业紧张组员工发生抑郁症状的风险高于低度职业紧张组(P<0.05)。结论模具生产企业员工存在一定程度抑郁症状。婚姻状况、月收入和ERI模式职业紧张是抑郁症状的主要影响因素。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of depressive symptom of employees in a mould-producing enterprises using two occupational stress models.Methods A total of 457 employees in a mould-producing enterprise were selected as study subjects using cluster sampling method.The Center for Epidemiological Study-Depression Scale,the Chinese version of Job Demand Content Questionnaire and the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire were used to investigate the level of depressive symptom and occupational stress by the job demand control(JDC)model and effort reward imbalance(ERI)model.Results Among the 457 employees,the median score of depressive symptom was 11.00,the detection rate of depressive symptom in the subjects was 23.4%(107/457).The incidence of occupational stress by the JDC and ERI models was 78.3%(358/457)and 62.6%(286/457),respectively.The rate of depressive symptom was statistically higher in the high occupational stress group than that of the low occupational stress group by the ERI model(26.6%vs 18.1%,P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that both marital status and monthly income were influencing factors of depressive symptom by the JDC model(P<0.05).The marital status,monthly income and occupational stress were influencing factors of depressive symptom by the ERI model(P<0.05).The risk of depressive symptom was statistically higher in the high occupational stress group than that of the low occupational stress group(P<0.05).Conclusion Employees in mould-producing enterprise have some depressive symptom.The marital status,monthly income and occupational stress by the ERI model are the main influencing factors of depressive symptom.