人体体表放射性污染洗消技术专利分析

Analysis on patents of radioactive decontamination technology for human body surface

目的分析人体体表放射性污染洗消技术国内外公开专利的研究现状和发展趋势。方法通过IncoPat科技创新情报平台,检索、收集全球范围内涉及人体体表放射性污染洗消专利的基本信息。基于专利分析方法,分析专利的申请数量、法律状态、专利类型、申请趋势、申请人、功能应用领域、引用与被引用情况等,侧重于分析国内外专利申请的研发能力。结果共检索出人体体表放射性污染洗消专利981件;其中,国内144件(占14.7%),国外837件(占85.3%);扩展同族合并后为207件,包括国内88件(占42.5%),国外119件(占57.5%)。专利申请数量居前5位的国家依次为中国、日本、美国、法国和德国,分别有88、47、20、14、13件,共占专利总数的87.9%(182/207)。日本申请数量增长平稳,总量较大;法国和德国技术起步早;美国注重技术传承;中国专利申请发展迅猛,韩国次之,俄罗斯公开的专利极少。我国申请人集中于北京市,类型以企业和机关团体为主。我国少有同族专利;国外专利布局广,35.3%同族超过5个。国内有效专利、实用新型专利和人体体表污染处理集成装置及技术专利占比均高于国外(35.2%vs 17.6%,53.4%vs 3.4%,62.5%vs 26.9%,P<0.01)。国内专利中引用其他专利者占比低于国外(13.6%vs 52.1%,P<0.01);但国内、外专利被其他专利引用的占比比较,差异无统计学意义(27.3%vs 39.5%,P>0.05)。结论我国该技术专利申请近年发展迅猛,专利偏重集成化和多功能化,技术发展空间大;但专利保护和区域布局的意识不强,技术含量有待提高。建议尽早部署战略,加强技术研发创新。

Objective To analyze the research status and developmental trend of open-access patents at home and abroad of radioactive decontamination technology for human body surface.Methods The basic information of open-access patents related to human body radioactive decontamination was searched and collected from the IncoPat Global Patent Database.Based on patent analysis method,the number of patent application,legal status,patent types,application trends,applicants,functional application fields,and citations were analyzed and compared,with focus on their research and development capabilities in domestic and foreign patent application status.Results A total of 981 patents of radioactive decontamination technology for human body surface were retrieved.Among them,144 were domestic(14.7%)and 837 were from abroad(85.3%).After merge,207 patents were confirmed,88 were from domestic(42.5%)and 119 from abroad(57.5%).The top 5 countries with the most patents were China,Japan,the United States,France and Germany with patent amount of 88,47,20,14 and 13 respectively,accounting for 87.9%(182/207)of all patents.Japan had a large number of patents with a stable growth;France and Germany started patent research very early;the United States focused on technology inheritance;Chinese patent applications are developing rapidly,followed by South Korea,and Russia had few open-access patents.Chinese patent applicants were mainly from Beijing with major enterprises and government organizations.Patents in China had few patent family,foreign patents had a wide distribution,35.3%of which had more than five of the same family.The proportions of valid patents,utility model patents and patents of integrated device&technology in China were higher than that from abroad(35.2%vs 17.6%,53.4%vs 3.4%,62.5%vs 26.9%,P<0.01).The proportion of domestic patents citing other patents in China was lower than that from abroad(13.6%vs 52.1%,P<0.01),but the proportion of Chinese patents cited by other patents showed no statistical significance compared with that of abroad(27.3%vs 39.5%,P>0.05).Conclusion Patents of radioactive decontamination technology for human body surface in China have developed rapidly in recent years.Patent emphasis is placed on integration and multifunctionality.However,the awareness of patent protection and regional layout is not strong enough,and the technical level needs to be improved.It is suggested to propose strategic deployment as soon as possible and strengthen technological research,development and innovation.