正念减压疗法对初诊矽肺患者负性情绪与应对方式影响

Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction on negative emotion and coping style of patients with newly diagnosed silicosis

目的探讨正念减压疗法(MBSR)对初诊矽肺患者焦虑、抑郁和应对方式的影响。方法采用方便抽样方法,选择156例初诊矽肺患者,随机分为对照组和干预组,各78例。对照组患者仅予常规护理,干预组患者在常规护理基础上进行8周MBSR干预。在干预前后,采用《焦虑自评量表》《抑郁自评量表》《医学应对问卷》调查2组患者焦虑、抑郁和应对方式。结果干预前,2组患者焦虑、抑郁和医学应对的面对、回避、屈从维度得分分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,与对照组比较,干预组患者的焦虑、抑郁得分均下降[(54.9±3.8)vs(45.5±3.8)分,(57.5±3.9)vs(48.7±3.3)分,P<0.01],医学应对的面对维度得分升高[(19.0±1.3)vs(21.8±1.2)分,P<0.01],回避和屈从维度得分均下降[(13.0±2.9)vs(12.2±2.1)分,(10.3±1.6)vs(8.0±1.5)分,P<0.05]。结论MBSR可改善矽肺患者焦虑和抑郁方面的负性情绪,促使其以积极的方式应对疾病。

Objective To investigate the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR)on anxiety,depression and coping style of patients with newly diagnosed silicosis.Methods A total of 156 cases of patients with newly diagnosed silicosis were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group by convenient sampling method,with 78 cases in each group.Patients in the control group were given routine care only,patients in the intervention group received MBSR intervention for 8 weeks on the basis of routine care.The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale and Medical Response Questionnaire investigated the scores of anxiety,depression and coping styles in the two groups before and after the intervention.Results Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the scores of anxiety,depression and each dimension of medical response such as facing,avoidance and resignation dimensions in the two groups(P>0.05).After intervention,the anxiety and depression scores of patients in the intervention group decreased[(54.9±3.8)vs(45.5±3.8)and(57.5±3.9)vs(48.7±3.3),respectively,P<0.01]compared with the control group.The facing dimension scores of medical response increased[(19.0±1.3)vs(21.8±1.2),P<0.01],and the scores of avoidance dimension and resignation dimension of medical response decreased[(13.0±2.9)vs(12.2±2.1)and(10.3±1.6)vs(8.0±1.5),respectively,P<0.05].Conclusion The MBSR training can improve the negative emotion such as anxiety and depression in patients with silicosis,and encourage them to cope with the disease in a positive way.