新型冠状病毒肺炎期间研究生心理健康状况

Mental health of postgraduates and influence factors during the COVID-19

目的:了解新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)肺炎期间某中医院校研究生心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法:采用自拟一般情况问卷和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对某中医院校在读硕士研究生心理健康状况进行评价研究。结果:SCL-90结果显示总分异常者(总分≥160)51名(5.80%),心理症状阳性者(因子分≥2)172名(19.55%)。单因素结果分析显示,性别在恐怖因子(t=-2.128,P=0.034)得分上有统计学差异;不同年龄段在焦虑(F=3.849,P=0.022)、精神病性(F=3.692,P=0.025)、附加因子(F=3.593,P=0.028)得分上有统计学意义;不同学位类型的研究生在躯体化(t=2.053,P=0.041)因子得分上有统计学差异;不同年级的研究生在强迫症状(F=4.884,P=0.008)、忧郁(F=6.280,P=0.002)、焦虑因子(F=8.209,P<0.001)、偏执(F=3.403,P=0.034)、附加因子(F=4.674,P=0.010)得分上有统计学差异;导师关心与否在强迫症状(t=-2.282,P=0.024)、人际关系敏感(t=-2.543,P=0.012)、忧郁(t=-2.806,P=0.006)、偏执(t=-2.668,P=0.009)得分上有统计学差异;学业压力在强迫症状(t=2.801,P=0.005)、忧郁(t=3.069,P=0.002)、焦虑(t=2.524,P=0.012)得分上有统计学差异;就业压力在强迫症状(t=3.626,P<0.001)、忧郁(t=2.654,P=0.008)、焦虑(t=2.651,P=0.008)、恐怖(t=3.125,P=0.002)、附加因子(t=4.158,P<0.001)得分上有统计学差异。Logistic逐步回归分析显示,学业压力和就业压力是影响研究生心理健康问题的危险因子,OR值分别为1.70、1.61,不同年级中,二年级出现心理健康问题的风险是一年级的0.52倍,三年级出现心理健康问题的风险是一年级的0.64倍。结论:新冠肺炎期间中医院校硕士研究生心理健康水平较差。应重点关注三年级学生,积极开展就业指导,提供学业压力对应方案,同时应充分发挥导师在研究生心理健康教育中的重要作用。

Objective:To explore the risk factors of mental health of postgraduates in traditional Chinese medicine colleges during the COVID-19.Methods:Self-designed questionnaire and SCL-90were used to evaluate the mental health of Postgraduates in a traditional Chinese Medicine college.Results:The results of SCL-90showed that 51(5.80%)had abnormal total score(total score≥160),172(19.55%)had positive psychological symptoms(factor score≥2).The results of One-way ANOVA showed that there were statistical differences in the scores of terror factor(t=-2.128,P<0.05)between genders,in the scores of anxiety(F=3.849,P<0.05),psychosis(F=3.692,P<0.05),additional factor(F=3.593,P<0.05)among different age groups,in the scores of summarization(t=2.053,P<0.05)among postgraduates of different degree types.There were statistical differences in obsessive-compulsive symptoms(F=4.884,P<0.01),depression(F=6.280,P<0.01),anxiety factor(F=8.209,P<0.001),paranoia(F=3.403,P<0.01),additional factor(F=4.674,P<0.01)scores among graduate students of different grades;tutors'concerns were obsessive(t=-2.282,P<0.01),interpersonal sensitivity(t=-2.543,P<0.05),depression(t=-2.806,P<0.01),paranoia(t=-2.668,P<0.01)scores were statistically different;academic stress was statistically different in obsessive-compulsive symptoms(t=2.801,P<0.01),depression(t=3.069,P<0.01),anxiety(t=2.524,P<0.05).There were significant differences in the scores of obsessive-compulsive symptoms(t=3.626,P<0.001),depression(t=2.654,P<0.01),anxiety(t=2.651,P<0.01),terror(t=3.125,P<0.01),additional factors(t=4.158,P<0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that academic pressure and employment pressure were the risk factors of mental health problems of postgraduates,OR values were 1.70and 1.61,respectively.In different grades,the risk of mental health problems in second-year postgraduate was 0.52times that of first-year postgraduate,and third-year postgraduate was 0.64times that of first-year postgraduate.Conclusion:The mental health level of postgraduates in a Traditional Chinese Medicine college is poor during the COVID-19.We should pay more attention to the third year postgraduates,actively developing employment guidance and providing response options of academic pressure,and giving full play to the role of tutors in the mental health education of postgraduates.