小学生父母的期望与教养压力的关系:父母教养能力感的中介效应

Effect of parenting expectation on parenting stress in primary school students'parents:A mediating effect of parenting sense of competence

目的:探讨小学生父母的期望对其教养压力的影响机制。方法:采用父母期望问卷、父母教养能力感问卷与父母教养压力问卷对451名小学生父母进行调查,使用Mplus7.40软件进行中介模型检验。结果:①直接效应检验发现,模型的整体拟合指数良好(χ^2=259.86,df=129,CFI=0.91,TLI=0.90,RMSEA=0.047),且父母期望对父母教养压力有负向预测作用(β=-0.22,P<0.01);②把父母教养能力感的两个变量父母教养满意度和父母教养效能感同时做为潜变量纳入中介变量建立结构方程模型,模型拟合较好(χ^2=234.06,df=127,CFI=0.93,TLI=0.92,RMSEA=0.043)。使用Bootstrap进行中介效应检验,父母教养满意度的中介作用不显著,父母教养效能感在父母期望与父母教养压力间存在显著的部分中介作用。结论:小学生父母的期望通过教养效能感的中介对教养压力产生影响。

Objective:To explore the effect of parenting expectation on parenting stress in primary school students’parents.Methods:A sample of 451primary school students’parents were investigated by Parenting Expectation Scale,Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and Parenting Stress Index Short Form.Results:①The direct effects of Mplus7.40on parenting expectation,the sense of parenting ability and parenting stress were tested,and the overall fit index of the model was good(χ^2=259.86,df=129,CFI=0.91,TLI=0.90,RMSEA=0.047),parenting expectation had negative predictive effect on parenting stress(β=-0.22,P<0.01);②Parenting satisfaction and parenting efficacy were both included as mediating potential variables to establish the structural equation model,and the index of the model fitted well as follows:(χ^2=234.06,df=127,CFI=0.93,TLI=0.92,RMSEA=0.043).Bootstrap test showed that the effect value of parenting satisfaction non-significant,the mediating effect of parenting efficacy between parenting expectation and parenting stress showed some significant.Conclusion:The effect of parenting expectation on parenting stress in primary school students’parents is partially mediated by parenting efficacy.