大学生学校归属感问卷的编制

Development of sense of belonging to school scale among college students

目的:编制适合我国大学生的学校归属感问卷并检验其信效度。方法:通过访谈、文献检索形成问卷的初始项目,在预测的基础上,采用自编问卷对被试进行施测,得到有效问卷661份。用中文版PSSM量表进行效标效度检验。结果:大学生学校归属感问卷共包括5维度:同伴支持、个人地位认可、学校环境、学校融入、教师行为,共解释总变异的69.98%;5因素模型在验证性因素分析中得到了较好的验证。问卷总分与中文版PSSM量表总分显著正相关(r=0.69,P<0.001)。总问卷Cronbachα系数为0.96,5个因素的Cronbachα系数为0.89~0.94。总问卷的分半信度为0.87,5个因素的分半信度为0.88~0.93。结论:大学生学校归属感问卷由5个因素构成,信度效度符合心理测量学的要求,可用于相关的研究和实践。

Objective:To develop and validate the Sense of Belonging to School Scale among College Students.Methods:The preliminary scale was constructed based on a literature study and semi-structured interviews.Data from 661undergraduates were used to conduct item analysis and examine the reliability and validity of the scale.The Chinese Version of Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale(PSSM-CR)was used to test its criterion validity.Results:EFA showed that the Sense of Belonging to School Scale among College Students was composed of five factors:Peer support,recognition of personal status,school environment,school engagement and teachers’behavior,explaining 69.98%of the total variance.CFA showed that the 5-factor model fitted the data well.The total score of the scale was positively correlated with the score of the PSSM-CR(r=0.69,P<0.001).The Cronbach’sαcoefficient of the total scale was 0.96,and 0.88-0.93for the 5factors.The split-half reliability of the total scale was 0.87,and 0.88-0.93for the 5factors.Conclusion:The Sense of Belonging to School Scale among College Students was composed of five factors,and the questionnaire meets the needs of psychometrics,which can be used in both research and practice.