基于定性比较分析的劳动力结构优化驱动机制分析

The Driving Mechanism Analysis of Labor Force Structure Optimization Based on Targeted Comparative Analysis

以中国30个省级行政单位为研究样本,基于技能偏向型技术进步的理论视角,应用组态思维和QCA方法整合产业升级、人工智能、技术进步、城镇化4个条件,探讨影响劳动力结构的多重并发因素和因果复杂机制。研究发现:(1)优化劳动力结构的驱动机制分为2条路径:即智能-产业主导型和全面发展型。(2)较之于全面发展型,智能-产业主导型能够更深层次地促进劳动力结构优化。(3)2条路径所涉及的组态内部各因素在解释劳动力结构优化时存在替代性,即对产业结构和人工智能而言,城镇化和技术水平在解释劳动力结构优化时存在替代作用。(4)非优化劳动力结构的驱动机制有3条,且与优化劳动力结构的驱动机制存在非对称性的关系。

Using 30 provincial administrative units in China as research samples,based on the theoretical perspective of skills-biased technological progress,this paper uses configuration thinking and QCA method in order to integrate the four conditions which are industrial upgrading,artificial intelligence,technological progress and urbanization,and discusses multiple concurrent factors and complex causal mechanism which are affecting the structure of labor force.The research finds that:(1)The driving mechanism of optimizing the labor force structure can be divided into two paths:the intelligence-industry leading type and the all-round development type.(2)Compared with the all-round development type,the intelligence-industry leading type can further promote the optimization of labor force structure.(3)The internal configuration factors involved in the two paths have substitution effect in explaining the optimization of labor structure,that means,for industrial structure and artificial intelligence,urbanization and technology level have substitution effect in explaining the optimization of labor structure.(4)There are three driving mechanisms of non=optimized labor structure,and there is an asymmetric relationship with the driving mechanism of optimized labor structure.