诗人的共同体:谢默斯·希尼与贝尔法斯特小组

A Community of Poets:Seamus Heaney and the Belfast Group

贝尔法斯特小组被不少人认为是20世纪后半期北爱尔兰文学史上的重要一环,爱尔兰诗人谢默斯·希尼在回顾自己诗歌创作的成长历程时经常提到小组,并肯定这样一个诗歌共同体对初出茅庐的一代北爱尔兰诗人的重要性。小组的影响既来自发起者霍布斯鲍姆的诗歌理念和个人指引,也来自小组成员之间的相处方式和相互交流。虽然希尼是小组中的佼佼者,贝尔法斯特小组对希尼的影响依然渗透到诗歌创作的理念、技巧、视野乃至出版等各个方面。小组新教成员对北爱尔兰新教徒两难民族处境的书写,对希尼突破天主教徒的视野、在北爱尔兰问题上建立起包容和超越的民族观有重要的影响。

The Belfast Group is considered by many to be an important part of Northern Ireland’s literary history in the second half of the 20th century.Looking back on his long career of poetry writing,Seamus Heaney mentioned the Group frequently and asserted the key role such a community of poetry played in the emergence of a new generation of fledging poets from Northern Ireland.The influence of the Group came not only from the poetic ideas and personal guidance of its founder,Hobsbaum,but also from the way in which members of the Group get along and communicate with each other.Although Heaney was considered the greatest talent among them,the influence of the Group still infiltrated into every aspect of his career,from his poetic ideas to his techniques,visions,and even publications.Besides,the writing about Northern Ireland protestants’dilemma produced by the protestant poets in the Group had a huge impact on Heaney’s determinatin to go beyond the vision of Catholics,so as to promote tolerance and adopt a transcending national perspective on the issue of Northern Ireland.