基于多特征叠加沟槽的数控车削实证研究

Empirical Study of Numerical Control Turning Based on Multi-feature Superposition Grooves

以典型的沟槽零件的数控车削加工为例,由浅入深、循序渐进地提炼了一系列具备不同特征叠加的矩形槽的加工方法。窄、浅且精度要求不高的单槽加工用G01切削法来实现;宽、浅且精度要求不高的单槽的加工应采用排切法;较深的槽可以分多次进刀,切槽一定深度后退出一段距离以便顺利排屑;对于多槽和宽槽的加工,则采用切槽循环指令G75或子程序简化加工程序;为了使槽底比较光滑圆整,使用G04暂停指令在槽底做短时间的无进给的光整加工。该研究对从事数控方面的教学、科研和数控加工编程人员具有一定的指导意义。

Taking the CNC turning processing of typical groove parts as an example,a series of processing methods of rectangular grooves with different features superimposed are refined step by step from shallow to deep.Narrow,shallow and low precision single groove machining is realized by G01 cutting method.The processing of wide,shallow and low precision single slot should adopt row cutting method.For deeper grooves,the feed can be divided into multiple feeds.After cutting to a certain depth,the tool exits a certain distance for chip removal.For multi-slot and wide-slot machining,the slotting cycle command G75 or subroutine is used to simplify the machining program.In order to make the bottom of the groove relatively smooth and round,the G04 pause command is used to perform time-free smoothing at the bottom of the groove;it has a certain guiding significance for the teaching,scientific research and CNC machining programmers engaged in numerical control.