基于数据包络分析的电商扶贫效率测度

Efficiency measurement of e-commerce poverty alleviation based on DEA

提出一种基于数据包络分析的中国电子商务(电商)扶贫效率测度方法。选择电商规模指数、电商成长指数、电商渗透指数和电商支撑指数作为投入指标,人均GDP、农村居民人均可支配收入作为产出指标,运用数据包络分析模型和马奎斯特指数测算我国23个省级行政区2014-2018年电商扶贫综合效率和效率变化,并在此基础上对我国23个地区的电商扶贫类型进行划分。结果发现,我国电商扶贫整体综合效率较高,但各地区的电商扶贫效率存在较大差距。规模效率整体水平较高,对综合效率的贡献较大,目前我国电商扶贫主要受技术效率的影响。按照电商扶贫的效率水平和发展潜力两个维度,我国23个地区可以划分为黄金型、夕阳型、潜力型和朝阳型4种类型。各地区应该根据本地区电商扶贫效率的特点,采取有针对性的扶贫效率措施。

Data envelopment analysis(DEA)is proposed to calculate the poverty alleviation efficiency of e-commerce in China.e-commerce scale index,e-commerce growth index,e-commerce penetration index and e-commerce support index is selected as input indicators,and GDP per capita and disposable income of rural residents is selected as output indicators.The efficiency and efficiency change of e-commerce poverty alleviation in 23 provincial administrative regions of China in 2014-2018 is measured by using data envelopment analysis model and Malmquist index.Results show that the efficiency of e-commerce poverty alleviation in China is high and the potential for efficiency improvement is large,but there is a big gap in the efficiency of poverty alleviation in each region,which can be divided into four types:gold type,sunset type,potential type and sunrise type.It is suggested that e-commerce should be developed according to local conditions so that the process of e-commerce poverty alleviation can be promoted.