“告知后同意”:《民法典》第1219条第1款的解释论展开

“Consent after Notification”:On the Interpretation of Paragraph 1,Article 1219 of Civil Code

采用法解释学的方法对《民法典》第1219条第1款进行探讨,认为“告知后同意”条款修改的意旨为构建以患者为中心的和谐医患关系。从“告知后同意”法则设立的目的以及《民法典》“具体”说明与“明确”同意的词义看,说明义务的标准,应采具体患者标准。近亲属例外作为同意主体之“不能”,系指患者不具备完全的民事行为能力或在疾病状态下无法自主做出决定的情形;“不宜”则适用于患者有行为能力,但医务人员告知有可能对患者产生危害的情况。除近亲属外,监护人、患者委托之人亦为同意之主体。

By using the method of legal hermeneutics,paragraph 1 of article 1219 of the Civil Code is discussed to find that the intention of the amendment of“consent after notification”was to build a harmonious doctor-patient relationship centered on patients.From the purpose of“consent after notification”and the meaning of“specific”description and“clear”consent in the Civil Code,the criteria of the obligation of explanation should adopt the specific patient standard.As being the exception situation when consent is made by close relatives,“should not”means the patient does not have the ability to make his own decision on the condition of having no full civil capacity or in the state of disease.As for“not suitable”,it is applicable to patients with behavioral capacity,but the medical staff told that there may be harm for patients.Besides the close relatives,the guardian and the person entrusted by the patient should also be the subject of consent.