俄罗斯住房制度变迁

The Reform of Russia's Housing System

自苏联解体以来,俄罗斯的房地产市场不断发展,但仍存在很多问题,住房自有率高但住房质量差、房价分化严重、住房供应市场缺乏竞争等问题突出。从制度变迁的角度看,俄罗斯现存的住房问题大部分是苏联时期快速城市化过程中遗留下来的,现在的住房市场是政府一次次政策选择的结果。同样是由计划经济走向市场经济,自20世纪90年代以来,俄罗斯和中国的住房市场走出了截然不同的道路,除人口需求、城市化进程、住房金融体系等因素不尽相同外,中国经济的持续高速增长起到了很关键的作用。

In despite of the development of Russia's property market since the dissolution of the Soviet Union,problems remain unresolved such as poor quality of houses,disparity in housing prices,lack of competition in housing supply,etc.From the perspective of institution change,the majority of the existing problems are the heritage of the rapid urbanization in the Soviet Union era and the current housing market is the result of multiple policy choices by the government.The sharp contrast between Russia and China is due largely to China's high growth in addition to demographic demand,urbanization,urban financial system,etc.