地震资料处理中交互速度分析的影响因素及控制方法

Influencing factors and control methods of interaction velocity analysis in seismic data processing

地震波传播速度参数贯穿于地震数据采集、处理和解释的整个过程。在地震资料处理中,速度分析是整个资料处理流程不可缺少的重要环节之一,通过速度分析得到一个正确的地震速度场,对于静(动)校正,以及叠加偏移等处理结果都有重要的影响,因此速度分析结果的精确与否直接影响地震成像的准确性。由于地下地质条件的复杂性,地震速度分析是一个反复迭代的过程,主要应考虑的影响因素包括:资料噪音、速度谱拾取密度、基于实际地质情况分析的异常速度变化等。当前的地震资料处理系统中,速度分析通常采用交互速度分析的方法,通过实时、人机交互的方式进行速度分析,大大提高了速度分析的效率。为了到准确的速度分析结果,必须针对实际资料情况,对速度分析的影响因素进行认真分析和总结,并选用合适的控制方法进行处理仍然是实际资料处理中交互速度分析的重点和难点。这里基于GeoEast软件系统的交互速度分析模块,通过对实际资料的处理,对交互速度分析的影响因素进行分析总结,提出一些实用的控制方法,取得了较好的处理效果,对实际生产中进行交互速度分析提供了一定的借鉴。

The parameters of seismic wave propagation velocity run through the whole process of seismic data acquisition,processing and interpretation as well.In seismic data processing,velocity analysis is one of the most important aspects of the entire data processing process.It is important to obtain a correct seismic velocity field through velocity analysis,which is important for static(dynamic)correction,superimposed offset and other processing results.The accuracy of the velocity analysis results directly affect the accuracy of seismic imaging.Due to the complexity of underground geological conditions,seismic velocity analysis is an iterative process.The main factors that should be considered include data noise,velocity spectrum picking density,and abnormal velocity changes based on actual geological conditions.In the current seismic data processing system,the speed analysis usually adopts the method of interactive speed analysis,and the speed analysis is performed by real-time and human-computer interaction,which greatly improves the efficiency of the speed analysis for getting accurate speed analysis results.According to the actual data situation,careful analysis and summary of the influencing factors of speed analysis,and the selection of appropriate control methods for processing is still the focus and difficulty of the interactive speed analysis in actual data processing.Based on the interactive speed analysis module of GeoEast software system,this paper analyzes and summarizes the influencing factors of interactive speed analysis by processing the actual data,and puts forward some practical control methods.This achieves better processing results and by conducting in actual production.Interactive speed analysis provides a certain reference.