2018年深圳市龙岗区手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Longgang District of Shenzhen City in 2018

目的了解2018年深圳市龙岗区手足口病流行病学特征,为制定针对性的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2018年龙岗区手足口病流行的时间、空间、人群分布以及病原体流行状况进行分析。结果2018年龙岗区共报告手足口病病例15116例,发病率为311.45/10万。2018年龙岗区手足口病流行期为5—11月,全年高峰出现在5月。各街道均有病例报告。男女性别比为1.52∶1,发病人群中以5岁以下幼童为主,占发病总数的86.23%。病原体疫情监测显示阳性标本中以其他EV阳性率最高,占41.28%,其次为Cox A16型,占15.12%。结论2018年龙岗区手足口病流行保持夏秋季节高发的特点,发病人群以0~5岁年龄组为主,病原体流行趋势为其他EV阳性率增加。因此,须加强手足口病监测,采取相关措施有效预防手足口病的流行或暴发。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Longgang District of Shenzhen City in 2018,and to provide scientific basis for the formulation of targeted measures for prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the time,space,population distributions and pathogen prevalence of HFMD in Longgang District in 2018.Results A total of 15116 HFMD cases in Longgang District were reported in 2018,with an incidence rate of 311.45/100000.In 2018,HFMD in Longgang District was prevalent from May to November,and the annual peak prevalence occurred in May.Cases had been reported in all subdistricts.The ratio of male to female was 1.52∶1,and the reported cases were mainly children under 5 years of age,accounting for 86.23%of the total cases.Surveillance of pathogen epidemic showed that the positive rate of other enteroviruses was the highest among positive specimens,accounting for 41.28%,followed by Cox A16,accounting for 15.12%.Conclusions In 2018,HFMD epidemic in Longgang District maintains a high prevalence in summer and autumn.It is prevalent among young children aged 0-5 years,and the prevalence of pathogens increases in the positive rate of other enteroviruses.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen HFMD surveillance and take relevant measures to effectively prevent the prevalence or outbreak of HFMD.