常用健脾方剂浅析

An Analysis of Commonly-Used Formulas for Invigorating Spleen

四君子汤、参苓白术散、补中益气汤和归脾汤均为常用健脾方剂,但在适应证方面各有侧重。四君子汤药物组成简单,是健脾的基础方,具有健脾化湿,消食除胀,止痛止呕止泻的作用,功效较弱,适用于脾虚痰湿之轻症。参苓白术散适用于脾虚痰湿所致的纳少、呕吐、腹泻、嗳气、腹胀、腹痛、乏力、心悸、咳喘,其化湿功效较四君子汤强,淡渗利湿药物较芳香燥湿药物多,无香燥伤阴之患,久服无虞。补中益气汤为脾胃气虚,身热多汗而设,脾虚土弱则金受火刑,上焦受损,卫气弱,表现为身热自汗,脉大而重按无力,方中诸药皆有除热作用。归脾汤适用于心脾两虚,中焦受损所致病症,与参苓白术散相比,归脾汤化湿功效不强,与补中益气汤相比,归脾汤的除热功效偏弱。

Four Gentlemen Decoction,Ginseng and Poria and White Atractylodes Powder,Center-Supplementing and Qi-Boosting Decoction,and Spleen-Restoring Decoction are all commonly used for invigorating spleen,but they have different indications.Four Gentlemen Decoction is simple in composition and is the basic formula for invigorating spleen.It has the functions of strengthening the spleen and resolving dampness,digesting food and removing distension,relieving pain,stopping vomiting and stopping diarrhea.Its efficacy is weak,and is suitable for mild symptoms of spleen deficiency and phlegm dampness.Ginseng and Poria and White Atractylodes?Powder is suitable for poor appetite,vomiting,diarrhea,belching,abdominal distension,abdominal pain,fatigue,palpitation,cough and asthma caused by spleen deficiency and phlegm dampness.Its effect of eliminating dampness is stronger than Four Gentlemen Decoction.There are more bland medicinals for eliminating dampness than those aromatic herbs resolving dampness,which has no harm to yin caused by fragrance dryness and can be taken for long safely.Center-Supplementing and Qi-Boosting Decoction is designed for spleen and stomach qi deficiency,body heat and sweating.If there is spleen deficiency and soil weakness,gold will be burned by fire,upper energizer will be damaged,and defense qi will be weak,which is characterized by body heat and spontaneous sweating,large pulse and weak if being pressed.All the herbs in the formula have the effect of removing heat.Spleen-Restoring Decoction is suitable for symptoms caused by spleen deficiency hurting heart and damaging middle energizer and leading to weakness of nutrient qi.Compared with Ginseng and Poria and White Atractylodes Powder,Guipi Decoction is not more effective in resolving dampness.Compared with Center-Supplementing and Qi-Boosting Decoction,it has a weak effect on eliminating heat.