基于SWAT模型的东北地区某流域面源污染研究

Study on non-point source pollution in a basin of Northeast China based on SWAT model

文中以中国东北地区某流域为研究对象,构建流域数字高程数据库、土地利用数据库、土壤数据库和气象数据库,进而建立了该流域SWAT水文水质模型。以2008—2010年作为模型预热年,2011—2015年作为模型率定年,2016—2018年作为模型验证年,以当地5个水文站的数据和流域水质监测数据作为依据,对模型进行了修正和检验。采用决定系数(Rs)以及效率系数(Ns)2个指标对模型模拟的适用性做出评价。模拟效果均达到了精度要求。最后在SWAT水文水质模型的基础上,将整个流域划分为了75个流域响应单元,预测了流域2020—2050年的径流量和污染物变化趋势,识别了流域未来的关键污染期和关键污染区。

This paper takes a basin in northeast China as the research object,constructs the digital elevation,land use,soil and meteorological database of the basin,and then establishes the SWAT hydrology and water quality model of the basin.2008-2010 was taken as the model warmup year,2011-2015 as the model calibration year,and 2016-2018 as the model verification year.Based on the data of 5 local hydrology stations and watershed water quality monitoring data,the model was modified and tested.Two indexes,decision coefficient(R^2)and efficiency coefficient(N_S),were used to evaluate the applicability of the model simulation,and the simulation results all met the accuracy requirements.Finally,based on the SWAT hydrology and water quality model,the whole basin was divided into 75 response units to predict the runoff and pollutant variation trend of the basin from 2020 to 2050,and identify the future critical pollution period and critical pollution area of the basin.