蒙东地区农牧民节能住宅夏季室内热环境及遮阳研究

Study on Indoor Thermal Environment and Sunshade of Energy-saving Housing for Farmers and Herdsmen in Summer in Eastern Inner Mongolia

针对蒙东地区农牧民自建住宅无专门保温措施,冬季“高能耗、低舒适”的问题,结合气候特征,设计符合《节能标准》的新型绿色住宅。然而,运用DeST模拟技术分析软件进一步研究发现,新型节能住宅夏季部分时段附加阳光间内过热,对室内影响大,降低了热舒适度,需要遮阳。遮阳后,南向房间室内最高温度降低约6.5℃,热满意度时间占比达89.5%以上,比无遮阳时提升了37%~56%,显著改善室内热环境。采用羊毛毡设计的具有地域特色的遮阳设施,既满足夏季白天遮阳,改善热舒适度;又可冬季夜间保温,大幅降低供暖能耗。

In view of the problem of no special insulation measures and“high energy consumption,low comfort”in winter for the houses built by farmers and herdsmen in the Eastern Inner Mongolia,new green houses conforming to the“Energy Saving Standards”were designed according to the climate characteristics.However,using DeST simulation technical analysis software,further study revealed that the overheating in the additional sunlight in part of the new energy-saving house in summer had a great impact on the interior,reducing thermal comfort and requiring shading.After shading,the maximum indoor temperature in the southward room decreased by about 6.5℃,and the thermal satisfaction time accounted for more than 89.5%,which increased by 37%-56%compared with that without shading,significantly improving the indoor thermal environment.With shading facilities with regional characteristics designed with wool felt,on the one hand,the need for shading during the day in summer is met,and thermal comfort is improved.On the other hand,heat preservation at night in winter is ensured,and heating energy consumption is greatly reduced.