基于经验热舒适指标的湿热地区居住区室外空间景观要素优化配置研究

Study on Optimal Allocation of Outdoor Space Landscape Elements in Residential Areas in Hot and Humid Regions Based on Empirical Thermal Comfort Index

在全球变暖和城市热岛效应加强的大背景下,为了创造宜居居住区室外空间微气候,提高空间的热接受水平,本研究选择能反映湿热地区居民主观感受优劣的适用性指标—经验热舒适指标TSVmodel,指导居住区室外空间景观要素优化配置研究,本文得出以下结论:1)湿热地区的冬季和夏季两个季节90%热可接受热感觉范围分别为冬季为0.2~1.3,夏季为≤1.9;2)灌木的设置可在冬季提高室外空间的热接受率,但是在夏季太阳辐射较弱的时刻,灌木的设置降低了室外的热接受率;3)高反射地面在夏季降低室外空间的热接受率,在冬季提高室外空间的热接受率;4)高大阔叶树木和透水地面更有利于湿热地区不同季节的室外热接受状况的改善,表现形式为在夏季明显增大活动场地内的90%热可接受区域的面积,在冬季稍微减少活动场地内的90%热可接受区域的面积。

Under the background of global warming and the enhancement of urban heat island effect,the applicability index TSVmodel,which can reflect the subjective feelings of residents in hot and humid areas,was selected in this study,so as to create a microclimate of outdoor space in livable residential areas and improve the thermal acceptance level of the space.The study on the optimal allocation of outdoor space landscape elements in residential areas was carried out based on this index.The following conclusions can be drawn from this study:1)the acceptable thermal sensation range of 90%heat in hot and humid regions is of 0.2~1.3 in winter and≤1.9 in summer.2)The setting of shrubs improves the heat acceptance rate of the outdoor space in winter,but reduces the outdoor heat acceptance rate in summer when the solar radiation is weak.3)The high reflection ground worsens the thermal acceptable rate of the outdoor space in summer and improves the thermal acceptable rate of the outdoor space in winter.4)Tall broad-leaved trees and permeable ground are more conducive to the improvement of outdoor heat acceptance in different seasons in hot and humid areas,with the manifestation of significantly increasing the area of 90%thermal acceptable in summer and slightly reducing the area in winter.