全断面竖井掘进机凿井技术

Research onsinking technology of full-section shaft boring machine

目前,我国煤矿井筒建设方法,以普通凿井法为主、特殊凿井法为辅。介绍了特殊凿井法中使用机械破岩的竖井钻机钻井技术、反井钻机钻井技术发展历程与应用现状。井筒掘进施工安全与效率是深井建设的基石,发展机械化凿井技术装备是深井建设少人化、无人化的保障。分析了部分断面掘进机凿井技术与装备的研究现状,提出了需要研制全断面竖井掘进机。对全断面竖井掘进机的井帮稳定、凿井工序、掘进参数等关键技术的特点和适用性进行了探讨。针对施工过程下部掘进、排渣与上部支护平行作业,指出滚刀破岩、上排渣和定向钻进将成为技术攻关的方向和工程应用的难点。尽快开发全断面竖井掘进机凿井技术是综合机械化凿井的发展方向和趋势,对于建井技术发展和地下工程建设具有重大意义。

The shaft construction method of coal mine in China is dominated by conventional sinking method and supplemented by special sinking method.The development and application status of drilling technology using mechanical rock breaking with shaft drilling machine and raise boring machine is introduced.Safety and efficiency in shaft excavation are the cornerstone of deep shaft construction.The development of mechanized shaft sinking technology and equipment is a guarantee for less-human and unmanned construction of deep shaft.The research status of drilling technology and equipment of partial section shaft boring machine is analyzed.The need to develop full section shaft boring machine is proposed.The characteristics and applicability of key technology,including sidewall stabilization,sinking process,drilling parameter,are discussed.In view of the parallel operation of excavation,slag discharge and support during construction,rock breaking,host system,and directed drilling will become the direction of technical research and the difficult point of engineering application.Drilling technique of full section shaft boring machine is the development direction and trend of integrated mechanized shaft sinking,which is of great significance to mine construction technology development and underground engineering construction.