神圣时空下的文化记忆:《冥世之书》与奥塞里斯秘仪

Cultural Memory in Sacred Time and Space:Book of Afterworld and Osiris Mystery

神话中,奥赛里斯是死而复生的国王,带给人们永生的希望。阿拜多斯的奥赛里斯崇拜,伴随着历史上几次修复创伤、复兴传统文化的努力而兴盛起来。通过埃及古王国时期大臣自传中关于神秘知识的记载,中王国及新王国时期大臣自传中对奥塞里斯秘仪的描述,新王国时期墓葬文献《冥世之书》的内容,以及考古发现展现的阿拜多斯12王朝国王塞索斯特里斯三世墓,19王朝国王塞提一世神庙及奥赛里斯墓的仪式环境,再现了奥塞里斯秘仪的内容和象征意义。

In ancient Egyptian myth,Osiris was a living king murdered by his brother but could be reborn and became ruler of underworld.12th Dynasty and 19th Dynasty kings tried to relate themselves to Osiris by active buildings and rituals in Abydos in order to overcome political trauma and legitimate their role in the cosmos cycle.This paper will analysis the details of Osiris mysterious rituals based on autobiographies of high priests of Osiris,Book of Underworld of New Kingdom and new archaeological discoveries in Abydos.