中外手工造纸技术研究的述评与前瞻

Review and Prospect of Handmade Papermaking Technology at Home and Abroad

造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一,具有丰富的历史研究价值、文化遗产价值和科技文明价值。中外学者对中国古代造纸技术的研究可以分为三个视角:一是从科学技术史和文明传播史的角度对造纸史进行研究;二是从地方社会史和人类学的学科视野对造纸技术进行研究;三是作为文化遗产保护的本土实践研究。本文从文献资料和研究动态两个方面回顾和反思中外手工造纸技术研究的发展脉络、研究方法和学术成果,认为中外学者对手工造纸的研究兴趣、研究方法和研究成果的转型是不同时期人们对造纸技术的认识转变的结果。在乡村振兴的背景下,乡村造纸技术通过走“乡村手工业”发展道路以促进乡村产业兴旺和乡民增收,助力实现乡村振兴。

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in ancient China,which has rich historical research value,cultural heritage value and scientific and technological civilization value.Chinese and foreign scholars'existing researches on ancient China's handmade paper technology can be divided into three perspectives:first,the research on the history of paper-making from the perspective of the history of science and technology and the history of civilization communication;second,the research on the technology of paper-making from the perspective of local social history and anthropology;third,the research on the practice of hand-made paper as the protection of cultural heritage.In the context of rural revitalization,rural papermaking can promote industrial prosperity and farmers'income by taking the path of"rural handicraft industry"development,and help to realize rural revitalization.