古希腊戏剧治疗的“卡塔西斯”说

The“Katharsis”Theory of Drama Therapy in Ancient Greece

古希腊时期的戏剧并未完全脱离仪式这一母体。它常作为仪式的重要环节发挥实用治疗功效。在雅典酒神节庆典和医神治疗仪式中,戏剧起到净化群体与个体身心的治疗功能。亚里士多德的悲剧“卡塔西斯”说正是对古希腊戏剧治疗功能的理论总结。从“卡塔西斯”的宗教与医学意涵中,可以解读出古希腊戏剧治疗融神圣与世俗于一体的双重性质。这足以启发当代戏剧治疗,使其重兴精神性的治疗传统,为当代人的精神健康问题进行诊疗。

The drama in ancient Greece did not completely break away from the matrix of ritual,but played a practical therapeutic role as an important part of it.In the Athens bacchanal celebration and the Asclepius,drama played a therapeutic role in purifying the body and the mind of groups and individuals.Aristotle s tragedy“Katharsis”theory is a theoretical summary of the therapeutic function of the theatre of ancient Greece.The religious and medical meaning of“Katharsis”reveals the dual nature of ancient Greece drama therapy,which integrates the sacred and the secular.This is enough to inspire the contemporary drama therapy,reviving the spirit of the treatment tradition to diagnose and cure the contemporary mental health problems.